INTRODUCTION

1 S. M. Sener, Esq., “Lancaster Townstead,” Lancaster County Historical Society, Papers, V. 5: 121 and accessed City of Lancaster website December 14, 2018, http://cityoflancasterpa.com/business/lancaster-previous-decades

2 Tim Appelo, “Rescue in Seattle,” Historic Preservation (October 1985): 34–39.

3 Valerie Jablow with Bill Horne, “Farmers’ markets,” Smithsonian Magazine 30, no. 3 (June 1999): 120.

4 Catherine Bailey and Sarah Kuck, “Go Local,” YES! (Winter 2007).

CHAPTER 1

1 Ellen Stewart, interview by Kathryn Albright, August 27, 2011, Blacksburg, VA.

2 Pomegranate Center website, accessed May 22, 2012, http://www.pomegranatecenter.org.

3 Robert Sommer, John Herrick, and Ted R. Sommer, “The Behavioral Ecology of Supermarkets and Farmers’ Markets,” Journal of Environmental Psychology 1, no. 1 (March 1981): 13–19.

4 Brian Halweil, Eat Here: Reclaiming Homegrown Pleasures in a Global Supermarket (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2004), 123.

5 Lucy Lippard, The Lure of the Local: Senses of Place in a Multicentered Society (New York: The New Press, 1997), 32.

6 John Brinckerhoff “J.B.” Jackson, A Sense of Place, a Sense of Time (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996), 152.

7 Joan S. Dentler, “Farmers’ Markets Serve as Community Gathering Places,” Belmont Patch, August 15, 2011, http://belmont-ca.patch.com/groups/business-news/p/farmers-markets-serve-as-community-gathering-places.

8 Halweil, Eat Here, 100.

9 Leon Battista Alberti, On the Art of Building in Ten Books, trans. and ed. Joseph Rykwert, Robert Tavernor, and Neil Leach (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988), 95.

10 Christian Norberg-Shultz, Genius Loci: Towards a Phenomenology of Architecture (New York: Rizzoli, 1979), 5.

11 Sommer, “The Behavioral Ecology,” 13–19.

12 Michael Pollan, National Public Radio, August 21, 2009.

13 Mark Francis and Lucas Griffith, “The Meaning and Design of Farmers’ Markets as Public Space: An Issue-Based Case Study,” Landscape Journal 30, no. 2 (2011): 261–269.

14 Helen Tangires, Public Markets and Civic Culture in Nineteenth Century America (Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 2003), 31.

15 Nancy McKeon, “Peak Season,” Washington Post, August 8, 2006.

16 Halweil, Eat Here, 162.

17 Francis and Griffith, “The Meaning and Design,” 263.

18 Wholesome Wave website, accessed December 28, 2018, https://www.wholesomewave.org/

19 “Executive Summary,” 2009–2012 Outcomes and Trends, Wholesome Wave, 3.

CHAPTER 2

1 As Helen Tangeris points out, “Local business and nearby property owners depended on their [public markets’] success as did country producers and street vendors.” Public Markets and Civic Culture in Nineteenth Century America (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003), 26.

2 Bart Barnes, “A local life: Chris Calomiris, 86, the face of D.C.’s Eastern Market,” Washington Post, February 12, 2011.

3 Ibid.

4 “Re-building the Future of Eastern Market” (tour brochure, Eastern Market, June 2009).

5 “Red Architect Returns to Washington” (press release, Goethe-Institut, Washington, DC, September 2005).

6 Stuart Smith, interview by Kathryn Albright, February 17, 2007.

7 “Interview with Baird Smith,” by Ev Barnes, The Ruth Ann Overbeck Capitol Hill History Project, April 30, 2009, http://www.capitolhillhistory.org/interviews/2009/smith_baird.pdf.

8 Kent Boese, “Then and Now: The O Street Market,” Greater Greater Washington, June 24, 2009, http://greatergreaterwashington.org/post/2697/then-and-now-the-o-street-market/.

9 “Interview with Baird Smith,” by Ev Barnes.

10 Stuart Smith, interview by Kathryn Albright.

11 Allison Klein, Keith L. Alexander, and Michelle Boorstein, “2 Fires Ravage Eastern Market, Georgetown Library in 12 Hours,” Washington Post, May 1, 2007.

12 Ibid.

13 “Re-building the Future of Eastern Market.”

14 For a list of the major awards, see Quinn Evans Architects webpage, accessed January 11, 2016, http://www.quinnevans.com/work/eastern-market/.

15 Cliff Radel, “City needs to revive spirit of 1853,” Cincinnati Enquirer, April 20, 2003, http://enquirer.com/editions/2003/04/20/loc_150years20.html.

16 “A Brief History of Cincinnati’s Findlay Market,” on Cincinnati’s Findlay Market webpage, accessed September 19, 2011, http://www.findlaymarket.org/market-history/.

17 “Market District Development,” on Cincinnati’s Findlay Market webpage, http://www.findlaymarket.org/district-development.

18 “Our Story,” on Cincinnati’s Findlay Market webpage, accessed September 19, 2011, http://www.findlaymarket.org/story/ and accessed November 17, 2015, http://www.findlaymarket.org/economic-development/.

19 Zane L. Miller and Edward Bruce Tucker, Changing Plans for America’s Inner Cities: Cincinnati’s Over-The-Rhine and Twentieth-Century Urbanism (Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1998).

20 Findlay Kitchen website, accessed December 28, 2018, https://findlaykitchen.org/.

21 Glaserworks website, accessed December 28, 2018, http://glaserworks.com/about/awards/.

CHAPTER 3

1 Helen Tangires, Public Markets (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2008), 159.

2 Tamera McNaughton, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, January 27, 2015.

3 Tamera McNaughton, email to Kathryn Albright, February 2, 2015.

4 Dwayne McIntrye, interview by Kathryn Albright, July 28, 2012.

5 Ibid.

6 David Mehl, interview by Kathryn Albright, July 28, 2012.

7 Hannah Mehl, interview by Kathryn Albright, July 28, 2012.

8 Al Bradley, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, September 26, 2012.

9 Garrett Jackson, email to Kathryn Albright, July 29, 2012.

10 Ed Morgan, email to Kathryn Albright, September 2, 2012.

11 Al Bradley, phone interview.

12 “Park History,” Durham Central Park website, accessed November 23, 2012, http://durhamcentralpark.org/about/history/.

13 Ibid.

14 Elizabeth Gibbs, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, November 27, 2012.

15 “The History of SEEDS,” South Eastern Efforts Developing Sustainable Spaces, Inc. website, accessed December 3, 2013, http://www.seedsnc.org/history/.

16 Mary Yost, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, 05.24.19.

17 Ibid.

18 “Park Story: SEEDS’ Garden of Eatin’,” Durham Central Park Blog, April 24, 2013, http://durhamcentralpark.org/park-story-garden-of-eatin/.

19 Lucy Lippard, The Lure of the Local: Senses of Place in a Multicentered Society (New York: The New Press, 1997), 7.

20 Stuart White, quoted in Brad Herring, “A Farming Way of Life – Bluebird Meadows,” video on Vimeo.com, accessed April 1, 2014, http://vimeo.com/25665217.

21 Ibid.

22 Alice White, quoted in Brad Herring, “A Farming Way of Life – Bluebird Meadows,” video on Vimeo.com, accessed April 1, 2014, http://vimeo.com/25665217.

23 “The Farm,” Bluebird Meadows Farm website, accessed December 3, 2013, http://www.bluebirdmeadowsnc.com/farm/farm_main.htm.

24 Alice White, quoted in Brad Herring.

25 Ibid.

26 Erin Kauffman, interview by Kathryn Albright, November 17, 2012.

27 Ellen Cassilly, interview by Kathryn Albright, November 17, 2012.

28 Tim McAller, email to Kathryn Albright, June 18, 2013.

29 “Four Leaf Farm,” Durham Farmers’ Market website, accessed June 18, 2013, http://durhamfarmersmarket.com/vendorprofile.html?DFMv=12.

30 Tim McAller, email to Kathryn Albright, June 18, 2013.

31 Four Leaf Farm website homepage, accessed June 18, 2013, http://www.fourleaffarm.org.

32 Tim McAller, email.

33 “Recognition,” on Ellen Cassilly Architect webpage, accessed January 14, 2016, http://www.ellencassillyarchitect.com/recognition-2/, and “Lists,” on The Daily Meal webpage, accessed on January 11, 2016, http://www.thedailymeal.com/101-best-farmers-markets-in-america/.

34 Keith and Marie Zawistowski, interview by Kathryn Albright, January 30, 2014.

35 “Covington Farmers Market,” design/buildLAB website, accessed April 1, 2014, http://www.designbuildlab.org/gallery-2/covingtonfarmersmarket/.

36 “Welcome to the Alleghany Highlands,” Alleghany Highlands Chamber of Commerce and Tourism website, accessed June 13, 2013, http://www.ahchamber.com/main/index.php.

37 Teresa Hammond, interview by Kathryn Albright, June 14, 2013.

38 Jacob Wright, interview by Kathryn Albright, June 25, 2013.

39 “About the Program,” design/buildLAB website, accessed June 13, 2013, http://www.designbuildlab.org/about/.

40 “About Us,” Covington Farmers Market website, accessed May 23, 2019, http://www.covingtonfarmersmarket.com/about-us.html.

41 Ibid.

42 Martha Nicholson, interview by Kathryn Albright, June 14, 2013.

43 Patsy McKinney, interview by Kathryn Albright, November 18, 2013.

44 Keith and Marie Zawistowski, interview.

45 “Covington Farmers Market,” design/buildLAB website.

46 “Covington Farmers Market / design/buildLab, https://www.archdaily.com/166527/covington-farmers-market-designbuildlab/, September 7, 2011.

47 Josie Showalter, interview by Kathryn Albright, September 23, 2013.

48 Ibid.

49 “About Historic Downtown Farmers Market,” Hot Springs Farmers & Artisans Market website, accessed July 23, 2012, http://www.hotspringsfarmersmarket.com/About-Us.html.

CHAPTER 4

1 Anna Blessing, Locally Grown: Portraits of Artisanal Farms from America’s Heartland (Evanston, IL: Midway Books, 2012).

2 “by the White House, DC,” video on FRESHFARM website’s White House market location page, accessed April 1, 2014, http://freshfarmmarkets.org/farmers_markets/markets/white_house.php.

3 “Alexandria City Hall,” Wikipedia, last modified January 14, 2014, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandria_City_Hall.

4 Ibid.

5 Patricia Palermino, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, November 19, 2013.

6 Ibid.

7 Ibid.

8 “Old Town Farmers’ Market Regulations,” the City of Alexandria’s website, last modified April 25, 2014, http://www.alexandriava.gov/generalservices/info/default.aspx?id=5464.

9 Ibid.

10 Sara Rhodes, email to Kathryn Albright, December 29, 2015.

11 Barbara Maxwell, “Alexandria farmers’ market opens this week,” Alexandria City Buzz Examiner, May 3, 2010, http://www.examiner.com/article/alexandria-farmers-markets-open-this-week.

12 Tom Calhoun, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, January 4, 2014.

13 Ibid.

14 Ibid.

15 Calhoun’s Country Hams website, accessed January 5, 2014, http://www.calhounhams.com.

16 Brad Jones, “‘People Who Give a Shit’: Yi Wah, Caitlin and Number 1 Sons,” Artisan & Apprentice: A Food Anthology, June 7, 2013, http://www.artisanandapprentice.com/number1sons/.

17 Ibid.

18 Caitlin Roberts, email to Kathryn Albright, October 17, 2013.

19 Caitlin Roberts, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, May 31, 2019.

20 Tom Calhoun, phone interview.

21 “Old Town Farmers’ Market Regulations,” the City of Alexandria’s website.

22 Ibid.

23 “Charlottesville City Market,” CvillePedia, last modified February 17, 2014, http://www.cvillepedia.org/mediawiki/index.php/Charlottesville_City_Market#cite_ref-1.

24 “Charlottesville City Market 2011 survey,” University of Virginia Jefferson Public Citizens.

25 Chris Engel, memo to the Office of Economic Development, City of Charlottesville website, accessed October 18, 2013.

26 Lucy Lamm, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, October 18, 2013.

27 Gail Hobbs-Page, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, October 14, 2013.

28 Ibid.

29 “About Us,” Radical Roots Farm website, accessed September 16, 2013, http://radicalrootsfarm.com/about-us/.

30 Lee Sturgis O’Neil, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, October 21, 2013.

31 “A Lot to Love at the Charlottesville City Market,” City Market District Alliance website, accessed October 21, 2013, http://kmkildea.wordpress.com/what-can-i-do/.

32 “City Market Permanent Home,” Market Central, City Market’s official website, accessed October 20, 2013, http://marketcentralonline.org/about/city-market-permanent-home/.

33 Ibid.

34 Charlottesville City Market 2011 survey.

35 Caromont Farm Brochure, September 14, 2014.

36 Gail Hobbs-Page, phone interview.

37 Sean Tubbs, “Council to seek proposals to redevelop City Market site,” Charlottesville Tomorrow, October 22, 2013, http://www.cvilletomorrow.org/news/article/16309-city-market-proposals/.

38 City of Charlottesville website, accessed December 29, 2015, http://www.charlottesville.org

39 Lucy Lamm, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, May 14, 2019.

40 Lucy Lippard, The Lure of the Local: Senses of Place in a Multicentered Society (New York: The New Press, 1997), 7.

41 “Customer comments about the Staunton/Augusta Farmers’ Market,” Staunton/Augusta Farmers’ Market official website, accessed August 18, 2013, http://www.safarmersmarket.com/customer_comments.htm.

42 Bill Frazier, phone interview by Kathryn Albright, November 15, 2013.

43 Ibid.

44 “About Historic Staunton Foundation,” Historic Staunton Foundation website, accessed October 15, 2013, http://www.historicstaunton.org/About%20HSF/abouthsf.htm; and “District Map,” City of Staunton, Virginia website, accessed October 15, 2013, http://www.staunton.va.us/directory/departments-h-z/planning-inspections/historic-districts/map.

45 Susan Spano and Aviva Shen, “The 20 Best Small Towns in America of 2012,” Smithsonian, May 1, 2013, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/the-20-best-small-towns-in-america-of-2012.

46 “Great Places in America,” American Planning Association, Planning magazine, December 2016, https://www.planning.org/planning/2016/dec/.

47 Bill Frazier, phone interview.

48 Ibid.

49 Amanda Rhodes, email to Kathryn Albright, September 19, 2013.

50 Barbara Womack, interview with Kathryn Albright, September 7, 2013.

51 Tom Womack, interview with Kathryn Albright, September 7, 2013.

52 Peg Davis, email to Kathryn Albright, October 1, 2013.

53 Ibid.

54 Susan Randall, email to Kathryn Albright, September 19, 2013.

55 Christine Huger, email to Kathryn Albright, September 23, 2013.

56 Sophie Cantell Lambert, email to Kathryn Albright, May 24, 2019.

57 Susan Randall, email.

58 Peg Davis, email.

59 “History of Staunton’s ‘Model Market’,” Staunton/Augusta Farmers’ Market official website, accessed September 2, 2013, http://safarmersmarket.com/history.htm.

CHAPTER 5

1 “About Us,” Fresh Truck website, accessed October 4, 2015, http://www.freshtruck.org/about-us/.

2 Erinn Figg, “Green Machine rolls out fresh produce in South Memphis,” online news by High Ground, posted March 12, 2014, http://www.highgroundnews.com/innovationnews/greenmachine031214.aspx.

3 “Executive Summary,” Arcadia Annual Report 2017, 3

4 “Executive Summary,” Arcadia Mobile Market 2014 Report, 7.

5 Pamela Hess, email to Kathryn Clarke Albright, May 23, 2019.

6 “Mobile Market,” Arcadia website accessed May 25, 2019, http://arcadiafood.org/programs/mobile-market/.

7 “About Us,” Real Food Farm website accessed May 24, 2019, http://realfoodfarm.civicworks.com/about-us/.

8 Ibid.

9 “Measuring Impact, A Guide to Mobile Farmer’s Markets Fall 2016,” Real Food Farm website accessed May 24, 2019, http://realfoodfarm.civicworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/How-to-MFM.pdf, pg. 10.

10 “Vehicle Options, A Guide to Mobile Farmer’s Markets Fall 2016,” Real Food Farm website accessed May 24, 2019, http://realfoodfarm.civicworks.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/How-to-MFM.pdf, pg. 6.

11 Gwen Kokes, phone conversation with Kathryn Clarke Albright, June 10, 2019.

12 “Farmers Markets,” accessed web site, May 24, 2019, http://realfoodfarm.civicworks.com/get-food/farmers-markets/.

13 Gwen Kokes, phone conversation with Kathryn Clarke Albright, June 10, 2019.

14 “Oases on wheel reaching Durham’s ‘food deserts’,” The News & Observer, February 12, 2015.

15 “Veggie Van Expanding to Three New Sites,” Durham County Department of Public Health, press release, January 15, 2015.

16 “Mission, Vision, & Values,” SEEDS website, accessed January 18, 2014, http://www.seedsnc.org/mission-vision-values/.

17 “Fresh Moves Mobile Market,” accessed web site June 7, 2019, https://urbangrowerscollective.org/fresh-moves-mobile-market/.

18 Ibid.

19 “About Us,” accessed web site June 7, 2019, https://urbangrowerscollective.org/about-us/.

20 Ibid.

21 Laurell Sims, phone conversation with Kathryn Clarke Albright, June 7, 2019.

22 “General Description,” Chicago Lights Urban Farm website, accessed January 7, 2014, http://www.chicagolights.org/.

23 Ibid.

24 Carleigh Rinefierd, email to Kathryn Clarke Albright, June 6, 2019.

25 “Our Partners,” Chicago Lights website, accessed September 25, 2015, http://www.chicagolights.org/our-programs/urban-farm/our-partners/.

26 Ibid.

27 “Windy City Harvest,” Chicago Botanic Garden website, accessed January 1, 2014, www.chicagobotanic.org/windycityharvest.

28 “An Urban Food System,” Ohio City Fresh Food Collaborative website, accessed December 31, 2013, http://ohiocityfarm.wordpress.com.

29 Ibid.

30 “Findlay Market Chef Program,” Findlay Market website, accessed December 23, 2013, http://www.findlaymarket.org/findlay-market-farms/.

31 “Findlay Market Farms,” Findlay Market website, accessed December 23, 2013, http://www.findlaymarket.org/findlay-market-farms/.

32 Ibid.

33 Julie Murray, “Findlay Market neighborhood farm stands offers food and friendship,” online news by Cincinnati, posted July 21, 2014, http://www.soapboxmedia.com/features/072214-findlay-market-farmstands.aspx.

34 “Education,” Farmers Market Coalition web page, accessed January 16, 2016, https://farmersmarketcoalition.org/education/preserve-farmland-and-rural-livelihoods/.

35 Ibid.

36 Ibid.

CONCLUSION

1 John Brinckerhoff “J.B.” Jackson, A Sense of Place, a Sense of Time (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1996), 152.

2 https://www.pps.org/category/placemaking See also “What is Placemaking?” Project for Public Spaces, 2007, https://www.pps.org/article/what-is-placemaking.

3 “Eleven Principles for Creating Great Community Places,” website accessed May 14, 2019, https://www.pps.org/article/11steps.

4 “District Development,” Findlay Market website accessed April 16, 2019, http://www.findlaymarket.org/district-development.

5 “Market Square,” Model Properties website accessed April 16, 2019, https://modelproperties.net/properties/market-square/.